Fegyveresek a 9. századi Alföldön? adatok a késő avar kori fegyvermelléklet-adás megszűnéséhez /
Although burials with weapons usually identified as warriors are well-spread during the Avar Age in the Carpathian Basin, the end of this burial rite has not yet been studied thoroughly. Weapon burials were usually studied in the framework of social analyses and fighting methods up until the 1980s,...
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| Dokumentumtípus: | Könyv része |
| Megjelent: |
2017
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| Sorozat: | Monográfiák a Szegedi Tudományegyetem Régészeti Tanszékéről
Az Alföld a 9. században II. |
| Kulcsszavak: | Régészet - avarok - Kárpát-medence - 7-10. sz., Kárpát-medence népei - 7-10. sz. |
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| Online Access: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/62693 |
| Tartalmi kivonat: | Although burials with weapons usually identified as warriors are well-spread during the Avar Age in the Carpathian Basin, the end of this burial rite has not yet been studied thoroughly. Weapon burials were usually studied in the framework of social analyses and fighting methods up until the 1980s, while afterwards symbolic interpretations of this burial rite became popular including the shift of questions towards physical anthropological, social, ethnic and religious factors of weapon deposition into burials. The present paper intends to study the various reasons why Avars stopped depositing weapons into burials of male individuals during the Late Avar Period. In order to reveal the factors contributing to the end of this custom, the main characteristics of the weapon burial rite in the Avar Age Carpathian Basin are drafted with a special emphasis on the possible reasons why the deposition of weapons stopped after a while: 1. end of political independence, 2. Christianisation, 3. economic or 4. social factors. The example of the change in Saxon burial rite during the period of their wars with Charlemagne is used as an analogy for Avar weapon burials of the same period. The end of weapon burial rite in the Great Hungarian Plain during the late 8th century is studied with the help of the author’s data collection on polearms and edged weapons. Four largely excavated and fully published cemeteries with several graves from the region were chosen for illustrating the dynamism of weapon deposition into burials through various periods of the Avar Age. As a result, a continuous decline can be observed both in the number of weapon burials and the number of weapons deposited in each burial beginning from relatively large amounts during the Early and Middle Avar Periods (7th century) and ending with small number of graves with weapons by the 8th century. Weapon burial rite ended at various dates of the examined cemeteries, this custom was usually in correlation with the wearing of ornamented belts and horse burials showing similar tendencies. Weapon burials dated to the second half of the 8th century could be found only in two of the examined sites. Looking at the distribution of weapon burials from late 8th century, an interesting phenomenon can be observed: most of these graves were found on the western and northwestern fringes of the Carpathian Basin which is probably explained by the enhanced stress caused by the expansion of the Carolingian Empire and the formation of secondary centres of power in that region. |
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| Terjedelem/Fizikai jellemzők: | 73-101 |
| ISBN: | 978-963-306-555-6 |
| ISSN: | 2062-9877 |