A magyar-román kapcsolatok migrációs konfliktusai 198[!1987]-1989 adalékok a magyar-román kapcsolatok migrációs konfliktusainak történetéhez /
The author states, that the emigration of Romanian citizens (mostly ethnic Hungarians) to Hungary from 1987 to 1989 almost shattered all dimensions of the bilateral relations between the two countries. Besides the notorious "village-destruction" case in Transylvania making these relations...
Elmentve itt :
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| Testületi szerző: | |
| Dokumentumtípus: | Könyv része |
| Megjelent: |
2010
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| Sorozat: | Szakkollégiumi füzetek
5 '89 rendszerváltozások Kelet-Európában : konferenciakötet 5 |
| Kulcsszavak: | Magyar-román kapcsolatok - 20. sz., Migráció |
| Tárgyszavak: | |
| Online Access: | http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/5587 |
| Tartalmi kivonat: | The author states, that the emigration of Romanian citizens (mostly ethnic Hungarians) to Hungary from 1987 to 1989 almost shattered all dimensions of the bilateral relations between the two countries. Besides the notorious "village-destruction" case in Transylvania making these relations even more difficult, the Hungarian Party-State leaders intended and managed to gain advantage from the migration: in their interpretation it also enforced the positive image of the successful "Reform-Socialist" country. The mass migration started in 1987, and between 1988 and 1995, more than 130,000 Romanian citizens tied the country to Hungary. However, that also created a difficult and unexpected situation for the Hungarian Internal Security forces. Though in March of 1989 Hungary signed the Agreement of Geneva concerning the international rights of refugees (1951), Hungary also had to preserve relations with its "comrade" and neighbor Romania: this made the situation more and more precarious. The fact that the "Refugees from Romania," as Hungarians called them, gained much respect in a short period of time can be explained by several reasons. In Hungary, these problems were mostly discussed in the framework of the fierce debates on history, and the political differences between the two - nominally friendly - countries. Contemporary Hungarian explanations to the migrations mostly consisted of the lack of democracy and freedom under the Ceausescu regime, the oppression of ethnic Hungarians in the neighbor country, but the process can also be traced back to the very low living standards in Romania, and to the role of Hungary, as a stepping stone to the idolized West. Despite these facts, political motives are more important in this case, as they generated an overall positive approach towards the Romanian refugees even at an official level in Hungary. Both to the local and international public, the case seemed to be a national or ethnic conflict for a long time, even if the ignorance of basic human rights in Ceausescu's Romania was obvious. The article concentrates on the case-study of a very unusual situation that occurred in Sofia, Bulgaria, when a group of ten Transylvanian refugees barricaded themselves in the Hungarian Embassy, requesting settlement rights in Hungary. A recently found document reveals the hard informal struggle between Hungarian and Romanian secret services and security forces to reach a satisfactory solution to the conflict. The first report of the case was published in the official newspaper of the Communist Party of Great Britain in November 1988. The article states that twelve Romanian citizens (5 children and 7 adults) were stuck at the Hungarian Embassy in Sofia during their attempt to request refugee status in Hungary. Information from the refugees exhilarated some of the officials at the embassy, so the Hungarian government tried everything to resolve the situation, first by classifying the files, then on the contrary, using the international public to reach a conclusion to the conflict. |
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| Terjedelem/Fizikai jellemzők: | 95-105 |
| ISSN: | 1586-8036 |